New York City millionaires will soon be subject to the highest tax rate in the country.

Gov. Andrew Cuomo and state legislative leaders finalized a $212 billion budget proposal for 2022 on Tuesday that's set to raise an extra $4.3 billion a year by raising income and corporate taxes, The New York Times' Luis Ferré-Sadurní and Jesse McKinley reported. The proposal calls for two new personal income-tax brackets, set to expire by the end of 2027, per exclusive details given to the Times earlier this week.

Those earning between $5 million and $25 million will be taxed on 10.3% of their income. That increases to 10.9% for those earning more than $25 million. And individuals raking in over $1 million and couples bringing in over $2 million will see tax rates climb from 8.82% to 9.65%.

These tax rates hit especially hard for New York City's highest earners. The city already has a top income-tax rate of 3.88%, which means they'll now be shelling out between 13.5% and 14.8% in both state and city taxes. That exceeds the highest top marginal income tax rate in the country: 13.3% for top earners in California.

However, they may not be the highest taxed for long if Hawaii's legislature passes a bill imposing a 16% tax on residents earning over $200,000.

New York is dealing with economic pain

Cuomo said in January he planned on raising taxes if the White House didn't help the state recover from its $15 billion deficit, Insider's Grace Dean reported. It's the highest deficit in New York's history, exceeding the previous high of $10 billion, which Cuomo said was "very, very hard" to manage.

In an address, Cuomo attributed New York's deficit to the state being "assaulted by the federal government" in recent years as well as to the cost of COVID-19, which caused the state's revenues to fall by $5.1 billion.

As the epicenter of the US' first wave of COVID-19, New York City was slammed with small-business closures and saw many of its top-earning residents move to take advantage of lower taxes in other states. Urbanism expert Richard Florida told Insider the flight of the wealthy caused a lot of financial pain for superstar cities like New York.

Cuomo called for the federal government to provide New York with emergency pandemic relief. He said that if Washington gave the state only $6 billion in a "worst-case scenario," he would hike taxes to cover the difference.

"We have a plan in place, a strength that we have not had before and I believe our future is bright, but Washington must act fairly if we are to emerge on the other side of this crisis," he said.

While Democrats considered raising more than $7 billion in new revenue for the state, The Times reported, such discussions fell to the side when President Joe Biden's $1.9 trillion stimulus package was approved, which included $12.9 billion in direct aid for New York state. It also included $5.6 billion for New York City, which Insider's Juliana Kaplan reported might have saved catastrophic cuts to the city budget.

Cuomo has resisted raising taxes for years out of fear it would drive businesses and the wealthy to other states. If all of the wealthiest New Yorkers fled the city, they could take more than $133 billion with them. That's how much the top 1% of New Yorkers earned in income in 2018, a report from Bloomberg found.

The Times attributed Cuomo's change of mind to the economic fallout of the pandemic, a growing progressive influence in the legislature, and the governor's own "waning influence."

The budget proposal is finalized as Biden reportedly gets even more serious about taxing the wealthy. He's said that Americans making over $400,000 will see a "small to significant" tax increase and high-earning Americans could see their top income-tax rate increase to 39%.

If Biden's tax proposal is enacted now that Cuomo's has been, that means some of the richest New York City dwellers could be paying out more than half of their earnings in taxes.