London Daily

Focus on the big picture.
Wednesday, Mar 25, 2026

Just 1% of Covid survivors in Britain get reinfected, data shows

Just 1% of Covid survivors in Britain get reinfected, data shows

Less than one per cent of almost 20,000 participants in the Office for National Statistics' Covid infection survey who previously had the coronavirus went on to test positive for a second time.

Fewer than one per cent of Britons who previously had Covid caught it a second time, according to official estimates.

The Office for National Statistics found just 191 out of almost 20,000 Covid survivors tested positive again months later.

And the agency believes reinfected people are half as likely to suffer Covid symptoms when compared to those catching the virus for the first time.

It found that almost exactly half of people suffer symptoms within five weeks of testing positive for Covid for the first time.

Just one in four reinfected people (24 per cent) fell ill.

Reinfected Britons also had lower viral loads than first timers, signalling they were less likely to transmit the virus to others.

Experts told MailOnline the data confirms 'immunity is the best way out of the pandemic' and it is most safely achieved through vaccination.

But it comes as a real-world study, led by King's College London, found protection against infection from two vaccine doses drops after six months.

Data from the Office for National Statistics revealed that among 19,467 people who caught Covid between April 2020 and August 2021, only 191 of them went on to catch the virus again - fewer than one per cent of the group

The ONS' figures showed that among the nearly 20,000 people in the survey who caught Covid once since the beginning of the pandemic, around half developed Covid symptoms. But just a quarter of those who caught the virus for a second time developed symptoms



The ONS identified 19,467 people who previously tested positive, so were 'at risk' of reinfection.

To count as a reinfection, someone has to test positive for the virus 120 days after first testing positive and had a negative result before testing positive again.

The ONS also considered a Covid case as a reinfection in 120 days had not lapsed, but a person had tested negative four times after first testing positive, before testing positive again.

Just 191 people in the group caught caught the virus for a second time, equating to less than one in 10.

Government statisticians also looked at cycle threshold (Ct) values of volunteers, and compared the average scores between the first and second infection.

The Ct value in those who got reinfected was 'significantly lower' compared to the first infection, suggesting a lower viral load and less risk of experiencing illness, the ONS said.

Ct values show the amount of SARS-CoV-2 virus presented in a nose or throat swab sample, with a lower value equating to a higher viral load.

A higher Ct value means scientists had to spend longer looking at the sample before they were able to spot the virus, indicating there is less of it in their swab.

Of the 191 reinfections spotted by the ONS, just 72 (37.7 per cent) had a Ct value below 30 - the benchmark for 'strong positive' Covid tests.

When first infected, the group had an average Ct value of 28.63, but this rose to 31.46 when they were infected a second time, signalling there was less of the virus present in their test samples.

And only 47 of these people (24.61 per cent) experienced any Covid symptoms within 35 days of testing positive for the virus.

This is much less than then 50.26 per cent of reinfected volunteers that reported symptoms when they were first infected.

On average, volunteers got reinfected 172 days - around five and a half months - after first testing positive.

Professor James Naismith, a structural biologist at the University of Oxford, told MailOnline: 'The data confirm that immunity is the best way out of the pandemic. Immunity by vaccination is very safe and effective.

'Immunity by infection is a gamble. Infection can lead to death or serious illness and/or long Covid.

'For everyone 16 or over, I would urge them to get vaccinated. There will be no normality until we vaccinate all those who can be infected and can spread infection.'

Dr Alexander Edwards, an associate professor in biomedical technology at the University of Reading, told MailOnline: 'I think we are still trying to work out exactly how much protection is provided by natural infection.

'It’s hard to pin down because it does change over time, it changes with variants, and will vary greatly between different individuals.

'As with vaccines, no-one is completely protected, but it’s very likely that immunity will mostly protect people from severe disease. Yet we also know people can get very serious illness even on reinfection.'

Meanwhile, a study of 1.1million Brits who received Covid jabs found protection against catching the virus falls within six months.

Researchers found protection against infection after two shots of Pfizer decreased from 88 per cent at one month to 74 per cent at five to six months.

For AstraZeneca, effectiveness dropped from 77 per cent to 67 per cent at four to five months.

It's unclear whether the waning immunity against infection also means people are less protected against hospitalisation and death.

But Professor Tim Spector, the lead scientist behind the study, said high levels of infection would ultimately lead to more deaths. He warned effectiveness could drop below 50 per cent by winter, and urged Britain to 'urgently' get its act together on booster vaccines.

The findings add to the mounting pressure faced by ministers to implement a mass booster rollout.

The Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation, which advises the Government on the vaccine drive, is expected to only green light third doses for vulnerable adults with suppressed immune systems.

The boosters will almost certainly be offered to the 3.7million Britons classified as 'clinically extremely vulnerable', with diseases such as cancer.

But originally it was hoped that the programme would be open to all over-50s, key workers and sick patients - which would have included as many as 32m people.

Some scientists have said vaccines should be used to administer first doses to people in other countries before third doses are offered in the UK.

Newsletter

Related Articles

0:00
0:00
Close
UK Inflation Holds at Three Percent Ahead of Oil Price Shock from Iran Conflict
UK Fuel Prices Face Upward Pressure as Global Oil Trends Raise Cost Outlook
Girlguiding UK Sets September Deadline for Membership Policy Change Affecting Trans Participants
Germany and UK Accelerate Wind Power Expansion to Strengthen Energy Security
UK Moves to Ban Cryptocurrency Donations to Political Parties Over Foreign Influence Concerns
UK and Turkey Finalise Major Air Defence Agreement Worth Billions
Apple Introduces Mandatory Age Verification for iPhone Users in the UK
Diverging Views Emerge Over Meghan Markle’s Planned Australia Appearance
Trump Signals Frustration with UK Leadership Amid Diverging Approaches to Iran Conflict
UK Government Takes Control of Hunterston B as Landmark Nuclear Decommissioning Begins
UK Public Inflation Expectations Jump Sharply in March, Raising Pressure on Bank of England
UK Ministers Warn Expanded North Sea Drilling Would Deepen Exposure to Global Energy Volatility
Delayed UK Defence Investment Plan Leaves Suppliers Under Severe Financial Strain
Can Iran Strike the UK? Assessing the Real Military Threat as Conflict Escalates
Sanctioned Iranian Banker Linked to Luxury Marbella Villa Through UK Corporate Structure
Casey Bloys Navigates HBO Max UK Launch, Paramount Integration and Industry Buzz Over Netflix Meeting
Iran Conflict Sparks Sharp Turbulence in UK Mortgage Market, Reaching Pandemic-Era Disruption Levels
Major Donor Urges University of Kentucky to Reconsider Mitch Barnhart’s Post-Retirement Role
United Kingdom Moves to Lead International Effort to Reopen Strait of Hormuz
UK Police Investigate Targeted Attack on Jewish Ambulance Vehicles
UK Police Investigate Targeted Attack on Jewish Ambulance Vehicles
Senior UK Advocate Criticises Barnhart Retirement Appointment, Calls for Reconsideration
UK Finds No Evidence of Direct Iranian Threat to Britain, Says Prime Minister Starmer
Assessing Iran’s Strike Capability and the UK’s Readiness Amid Rising Tensions
NATO Unable to Confirm Iran’s Role in Strike on UK-US Base as Tehran Denies Involvement
University of Kentucky’s Youling Xiong Receives SEC Faculty Achievement Award for 2026
Trump Highlights Satirical Portrayal of UK Leadership Amid Talks with Prime Minister Starmer on Iran Conflict
Trump Highlights Satirical Portrayal of UK Leadership Amid Talks with Prime Minister Starmer on Iran Conflict
UK Fuel Prices Surge Toward Crisis Levels as Experts Warn of Further Sharp Increases
UK Fuel Prices Surge Toward Crisis Levels as Experts Warn of Further Sharp Increases
Duchess of Sussex Secures ‘As Ever’ Trademark Rights in Australia Ahead of High-Profile Visit
UK Reaffirms Security as Officials Reject Claims of Immediate Iranian Missile Threat
Rising Middle East Tensions Spark ‘Trumpflation’ Debate Over Impact on UK Households
UK Minister Says No Evidence Iran Can Strike Europe Despite Heightened Warnings
British-Iranians Voice Safety Concerns to Authorities as Regional Conflict Intensifies
Confirmed Meningitis Cases Linked to Kent Outbreak Revised Down to Twenty
UK Government Sees No Evidence Iran Can Strike London Amid Rising Regional Tensions
Debate Grows Over Recognition of Indigenous Cultural Icons in the United Kingdom
Iran Missile Launch Toward Diego Garcia Raises Questions After Failed Strike on US–UK Base
Donald Trump Amplifies Viral Satirical Clip Highlighting UK–US Political Dynamics
UK Satirical Show Draws Attention with Sketch Referencing Trump and Prince Andrew
Meghan Markle’s Possible UK Return Sparks Renewed Attention on Sussex Role
Starmer Convenes Urgent Talks on Cost-of-Living Pressures Linked to Iran Conflict
Starmer Convenes Urgent Talks on Cost-of-Living Pressures Linked to Iran Conflict
UK Investors Eye Bargain Shares Ahead of ISA Deadline Amid Market Volatility
UK Investors Eye Bargain Shares Ahead of ISA Deadline Amid Market Volatility
Northern Lights Expected Over UK Skies Tonight Amid Strong Solar Activity
UK Condemns Iran Missile Strike and Warns Against Threats to British Personnel
UK Warns of Global Flight Disruptions as Iran Conflict Escalates Under Trump’s Leadership
UK Condemns Iran After Missile Strike Targets Strategic Diego Garcia Base
×