London Daily

Focus on the big picture.
Saturday, Oct 03, 2026

How much does a general election cost?

Parliament will be dissolved on Wednesday, so the 2019 general election campaign will then officially get under way.

So what are the rules for parties and MPs on spending in the run-up to polling day on 12 December?


What can parties spend on an election?

In the run-up to an election, there are rules around campaign spending to try to keep the race fair.

They can sometimes be vague, but they cover spending by political parties in the year before a general election - and can also include polling day.

Each party must record and report all campaign spending to the Electoral Commission, which oversees elections. This includes money spent on:

-Advertising of any kind - from YouTube videos to banners
-Leaflets or letters sent to voters' homes
-A manifesto, or other documents that set out a party's policies
-Press conferences, rallies and related expenses
-Transport to party events
-Political parties' spend is also capped at £30,000 for each constituency that it contests in a general election. So if a party stood a candidate in each of the 650 UK constituencies, its maximum spend would total £19.5m.

Spending can even include expenses related to attending party events. For example, 62 reports of spending in McDonalds were logged with the Electoral Commission around the last election.


How much was spent at previous elections?

In the 2017 general election, 75 parties and 18 campaign groups reported spending more than £41.6m between them.

The Conservatives spent most at £18.6m. It fielded 638 candidates, winning in 317 constituencies.

Labour came in at £11m and the Liberal Democrats at £6.8m.

Slightly less was spent on the 2015 general election at £39m.

Campaigners who do not belong to a party have to register with the Electoral Commission if they plan to spend more than a certain amount on their campaign. That's more than £20,000 in England, or £10,000 in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

The two biggest campaigns - the pro-EU Best for Britain and the National Union of Teachers - were listed as non-party campaigners in 2017's early election. Both spent more than £250,000.


How much could this election cost?

When a general election is called, there are a lot of things that need to be organised, and paid for. It is difficult to estimate how much the forthcoming election might cost.

But, we do know that after former Prime Minister Theresa May called the 2017 general election, the cost to taxpayers was more than £140m.

A Cabinet Office minister said that £98m was spent by returning officers to run the poll in their constituencies, while £42m went on posting material to voters.


What happens if the rules are broken?

Before the 2001 general election, there were no limits on what political parties could spend on national campaigns at a UK general election.

Today, if spending rules are broken, the maximum fine is £20,000 per offence. The Electoral Commission has called for this to be increased, and offences can include delivering late or inaccurate spending returns.

The Conservative, Labour and Women's Equality parties were investigated for weekly spending reports that were inaccurate ahead of the last general election. The Conservatives received the largest fine for this at £6,250.


What about MPs?

Individuals hoping to become an MP in the House of Commons also have to keep an eye on their spending.

At a local level, each candidate's spending limit is different. It is calculated by adding together a fixed amount of £8,700, plus either 9p or 6p per registered voter in their constituency.

The extra amount depends on whether it is a county constituency, or a smaller, built-up borough.

Candidates have to report the costs of advertising, administration fees like telephone bills, and staff.

They need to keep a log of all payments for election expenses, as well as receipts for any payments over £20.


What are the rules on donations?

Political parties have to report information on donations to the Electoral Commission every quarter.

Every donation of more than £7,500 which is made to a party must be declared, along with those of more than £1,500 made to a party's "accounting units". They are bits of a party whose finances are not managed by its headquarters.

Donations in Great Britain can be accepted when they are made by individuals on the electoral register, most UK-based companies, trade unions or building societies.

In Northern Ireland, the rules are broadly the same, except that donations can also be accepted from Irish citizens and registered organisations.

Between April and the end of June this year, 16 parties accepted a total of £14.6m in donations.

Newsletter

Related Articles

0:00
0:00
Close
Church of England to Apologize for Role in Historical Forced Adoptions
UK Defence Ministry Investigates Historical Use of RAF Bases by Jeffrey Epstein
Scottish Housing Completions Fall to 11-Year Low
Welsh First Minister Calls for Expanded Devolution Settlement
UK Pledges £50 Million to Expand Domestic Military Drone Capabilities
UK Opens First Commercial Geothermal Plant in Cornwall
Green Party Wins Gorton and Denton By-Election as Labour Falls to Third
Prime Minister Andy Burnham Opens Review of UK-EU Relationship
UK Inflation Rises to 3.1%, Adding Pressure on Household Finances
UK Removes VAT From Domestic Electricity Bills to Ease Winter Energy Costs
Counterterrorism Police Arrest Sixth Suspect Over RAF Fairford Incident
UK Councils to Receive Sweeping Planning Powers to Ban New Vape and Betting Shops
Chancellor John Healey Faces Tax and Pension Scrutiny Ahead of Autumn Budget
Metropolitan Police Apologise for Accidental Disclosure in High-Profile Investigation
UK Universities Report Record International Enrolment as Housing Pressure Grows
UK Logistics Firms Monitor Rhine Disruption as Low Water Threatens European Supply Chains
UK Food Industry Warns Inflation Could Approach 7%
UK Introduces Vaping Duty and Mandatory Retail Stamps
Scotland Raises Property Taxes and Expands Child Payment in Annual Budget
Greggs Plans Four Factory Closures With 740 Jobs at Risk
OECD Raises UK 2026 Growth Forecast to 1.1%
UK Inflation Rises to 3.1% as Bank of England Faces Rate Debate
Andy Burnham Criticises Brexit and Says Rejoining EU Single Market Remains an Option
UK Imposes New Sanctions on Russian Military Networks and Propagandists
UK Launches Nationwide Early-Release Prison Scheme
Andy Burnham Says Security Services See Signs of Iranian Involvement in RAF Fairford Incident
Manchester City Found Guilty on Premier League Financial Charges After Independent Investigation
Scottish Court to Rule on Bid to Force No-Confidence Vote Against Aberdeen Council Co-Leader
UK Bans Extra Charges for Seating Children Under 12 Beside Accompanying Adults
UK Introduces Vaping Duty and New Licensing Requirements
Greggs to Close Four UK Factories and Cut 740 Jobs
Hundreds of Prisoners Released Early as England and Wales Prisons Reach 98% Capacity
UK Unveils New Russia Sanctions Targeting War Funding and Shadow Fleet
Burnham Says There Are Strong Indications of Iranian Involvement in RAF Fairford Security Breach
Prime Minister Andy Burnham Raises Prospect of Reviewing Britain's Post-Brexit EU Relationship
Markets Price in Bank of England Rate Increases as Inflation Rises to 3.1%
UK Borrowing Costs Climb Toward 5.5% as Global Bond Sell-Off Intensifies
UK-France One-In-One-Out Migration Agreement Expires as London Seeks Alternative Measures
Southwest England Faces Flood Alerts After Heavy Autumn Storms
UK Expands Funding for Rapid Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
Welsh Government Approves Funding to Upgrade South Wales Transport
Northern Ireland Tensions Rise as Orange Order Rejects Drumcree Compromise
NHS Leaders Back Early Design of Proposed National Care Service
More Than One-Third of Regional UK Universities Face Financial Deficits
UK Current Account Deficit Narrows as Cross-Border Financial Flows Remain Strong
Bank of England and FCA Issue New Rules for Stablecoins and Digital Assets
MI5 Warns UK Universities Over Research Links With Chinese Institutions
UK Energy Price Cap Rises 4% as Electricity VAT Is Temporarily Suspended
Equity Calls for UK Personality Rights to Protect Performers From AI Replication
OpenAI Pauses Advanced Model Training Following Safety Concerns
×