The policy has also been criticized for its design, which relies on assumptions that reductions in benefits will automatically increase labor supply, but evidence shows this effect to be weak or non-existent.

The study suggests that policymakers should understand the everyday lives of those affected by welfare reforms before designing them to avoid creating harmful effects and ensure that the main aims of the policy are realized.

The study's findings suggest that the policy has failed to understand the reasons why parents in larger low-income families prioritize caring roles over work and underplays the costs and complications of moving into work while bringing up young children.

The study also criticizes the policy for its potential to harm mental health and for failing to understand the challenges faced by those affected by the policy.

The "two-child policy" refers to the government's policy of capping the amount of financial support provided to families with more than two children, in order to control government spending on social welfare programs.

In this article, the author is emphasizing that while the policy asks families on benefits to make similar financial decisions as those supporting themselves through work, there are still safeguards in place to protect vulnerable individuals and families.

The author is also highlighting the fact that the policy is not intended to harm those who are already in vulnerable situations.