Facing a disregard of WHO's advice, the RCN urges UK chief nursing officers to enforce these protective measures across the NHS, citing the current recommendations that do not mandate mask usage and delegate respirator decisions to local entities. The RCN fears this inconsistency risks staff and patient health, particularly with hospital-acquired respiratory infections.

RCN's Patricia Marquis urges immediate updating of UK hospital infection guidelines and expresses concerns about inadequate hospital ventilation, which could exacerbate the situation during the northern hemisphere's winter.

While the WHO deems the JN.1 threat as "low," it warns it could amplify respiratory disease burdens. The current UK Health Security Agency's guidance is now questioned.

Professor Christina Pagel warns of potential Covid waves, comparable to the March 2022 surge, critiquing the underuse of available vaccines and suggesting broader vaccine availability to mitigate Covid impacts and long-term sequelae.