Local reports say the man, 43, played several songs on his harmonica, including one linked to 2019 protests, as well as the British national anthem.

He was detained under the colonial-era sedition law, police told BBC Chinese.

This law had until recently been rarely used by prosecutors.

But the past few months have seen an increasing number of people charged under this law, including five speech therapists who were found guilty earlier this month of publishing "seditious" children's books.

Footage shared widely on social media shows the man standing outside the consulate playing "Glory to Hong Kong", the unofficial anthem of protesters during 2019 pro-democracy protests, on his harmonica.

A large crowd, which had gathered to watch an online live broadcast of the later Queen's state funeral in the UK, is seen singing along to the tune.

The song's lyrics make reference to the "tears on our land", and also mention "democracy and liberty".

Police told the BBC the man had been detained on suspicion of carrying out an "act with seditious intent".

Hong Kongers have over the past week been lining up for hours to pay their respects to the Queen, in what has been perhaps the biggest display of affection for the late monarch seen outside the UK.

The city, formerly a British colony, returned to Chinese rule in 1997.

Under the terms of the handover, China agreed to govern Hong Kong under the principle of "one country, two systems", where the city would enjoy "a high degree of autonomy, except in foreign and defense affairs" for the next 50 years.

But a crackdown on protests, Beijing's imposition of its national security law and only allowing "patriots" to govern are seen by many as reneging on that promise.