The proposed £15bn merger between Vodafone and Three, which would form the UK's largest mobile operator with over 27 million subscribers, is likely to receive clearance if they commit £11bn to network upgrades, per the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA).

The CMA outlined that the merger could advance if the companies ensure 5G rollout and maintain customer protections against short-term price hikes.

Vodafone and Three, the third and fourth largest operators in the UK, respectively, agreed to freeze certain mobile tariffs and plans for three years, including on sub-brands.

The CMA's investigation had raised concerns that the merger might increase prices and adversely affect mobile virtual network operators, such as Sky Mobile and iD Mobile.

To address this, Vodafone and Three will need to maintain competitive wholesale contract terms for these networks.

Additionally, fulfilling the network upgrade plan over eight years would become a regulatory obligation monitored by CMA and Ofcom.

Vodafone and CK Hutchison, Three's owner, agreed to the merger in June 2023, positioning themselves to significantly enhance the UK's digital infrastructure lagging behind European standards.

Despite potential benefits, the Unite union has opposed the merger over fears of increased mobile bills.

As Vodafone's shares rose by nearly 2%, valued at over £19bn, a final decision on the merger is expected before 7 December, with Vodafone and Three required to respond to the CMA by 12 November.